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记叙文的思路与练习

记叙文是以叙述人物的经历和事物的发展变化过程为主要表现形式的一种文体。记叙文既可以以写人为主，又可以以写事为主。写记叙文要注意记叙文的“六大要素”即：

时间(when)—— 何时发生，有没有具体时间?

地点(where)—— 何地发生，有没有地点变化?

人物(who)—— 何人参与，谁是主角?

事件(what)—— 发生了什么，有何特点?

原因(why)—— 事件的起因?

结果(how)—— 事件的经过及结局?

一般说来，在记叙文中这六大要素是缺一不可的。

记叙文的思路就围绕这六大要素充分展开。

例四级考试中，只出现过一次专门的记叙文体裁的写作，即“an early morning walk”(1988.6.)，2026年6月出现过包含记叙文的作文，即“an eye-witness account of a traffic accident”。

对于“an early morning walk”，知道命题要求后，我们就要开始构思了。

when：题目已规定了是“清晨”，在这个时候，“我”去散步。

where：到哪儿散步?去公园?在校园里?在街上(街上空气不好，还是不去!)。

who：在公园里看到晨练的人：中老年人、年轻人、小孩子;在校园里看到读书背单词的学生。

what：人们热火朝天地做操，随音乐跳舞，打球，等等。

why：清晨空气清新，适合锻炼;一日之际在于晨，背背书，读读单词。

当然，由这个题目可以令人想到很多东西，因篇幅所限，我们做了删减。

参考范文

an early morning walk

one morning i got up very early， and everything around was very quiet. the sun had just risen， shining brilliantly and everything seemed to be covered with a layer of golden silk. there were only some birds singing occasionally in the tall trees. i strolled along the street toward the park， breathing the fresh air and feeling e_tremely happy.

when i arrived at the park， i found， to my surprise， that there were so many people there. men and women， boys and girls， all were enjoying themselves in their various activities. some were doing morning e_ercises， some were playing badminton and some old people were having their tea while talking to each other cheerfully.

i wandered around the park. to my delight， i found a few middle-school students talking to each other in english in one corner of the park. i went up and spoke to them in english. we soon became friends. i was very glad to find another opportunity to practice my spoken english. on the way home， i realized that an early morning walk really was good and healthful. taking early morning walks makes one healthy and wise.